478 / 2019-02-27 23:17:50

Germination and Organogenesis in date palm

date palm,seed germination,dormancy

From models to crops > From models to crops

Abstract
Desert plants developed different developmental mechanisms to adapt to desert conditions. However, those are poorly described. Here, we reported a detailed study of date palm, (Phoenix dactylifera L.), one of the most important species for desert agriculture. from germination to seedlings.
We show that during date palm seed germination, the shoot and root apical meristems are protected by a multilayered tubule-root structure that morphologically resembles the plant root. Within this structure resides an undeveloped embryo. This quiescent state was consistent with the accumulation of hormones involved in dormancy, in addition, we observed a low rate of cell divisions. We show that the exit of dormancy correlates with an increase of cell division and high expression of developmental genes. In addition, we found that in date palm, organogenesis takes place within the multilayers structure, where the root, shoot and leaf primordia develop in a contained mode. Cell-type characterization revealed date palm root has multiple exodermal layers, cortex tissues containing aerenchyma and lignified fibre cells and a complex vascular system.