Stabilizing piles are widely used to stabilize large-scale landslides. Optimizing the design of stabilizing piles based on cost-effectiveness is always an attractive subject in the practice of landslide stabilization. Although satisfactory optimal results have been obtained based on deterministic methods and soil parameters, how to optimize the design of stabilizing pile in face of the uncertainty in soil parameters still need to be further investigated. A new response surface is established by incorporating the stabilizing force and shear strength parameters of soil into a quadratic polynomial function, based on which the mean and standard deviation of FOS of the pile-stabilized slope could be evaluated. The design of stabilizing piles is optimized using the concept of robust geotechnical design, in which the design robustness, safety requirement and cost are simultaneously considered. A framework for selecting the most preferred design of stabilizing pile is established and illustrated with an example. The proposed method and framework are then applied to a case study. It is found that although the most preferred designs at knee points are not influenced by the variation of the COV, smaller COV results in better design robustness. In addition, variation in the COV of the cohesion has larger influence on the design robustness than the variation in the COV of the friction angle.