With the continuous development of renewable energy power generation and integration technologies, DC microgrid has attracted much attention as an efficient solution, and still requires effective protection devices to provide more reliable operations. This paper compares and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of several existing DC solid-state circuit breaker topologies, and proposes a novel topology that allows bidirectional power flow, uses fewer components, and has a simpler structure and smaller on-state loss. First of all, the working principle of the novel topology is analyzed in detail, then the component sizing method is introduced, and the impedance network frequency characteristics are displayed. Finally, a simulation model is built in Saber, and the simulation results validate the short-circuit protection performance of the new topology.