Coastal areas are sensitive regions of land-sea interaction coercion and an essential barrier to protecting the eco-security of the region. However, with rapid socio-economic coastal areas are sensitive regions of land-sea interaction coercion and a necessary barrier to safeguard the eco-security of the region. However, with rapid socio-economic development, human-land conflicts have intensified, with urbanization negatively affecting the landscape structure and function of coastal zones, causing the degradation and habitat loss of fish even more serious. In-depth studies of the changing ecological patterns of the coastal zone affecting fish communities are still needed. Therefore, in this study, the remote sensing images of the coastal zone will be deciphered to obtain landscape distribution information, and an ecological risk evaluation framework coupling landscape change and urbanization will be constructed to explore the landscape ecological risk distribution pattern of the coastal zone. At the same time, we will apply technologies such as ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry and high-throughput sequencing, combined with integrated analysis and model simulation of multi-source data, to reveal the effects of landscape ecological risk on fish biodiversity characteristics in the coastal zone to enhance the scientific knowledge of the role of fishery resources in the sustainable development of the coastal zone, and to make recommendations for the protection of the spatial pattern of the coastal zone on this basis.