Bio-inspired computing is a field of study that abstracts computing ideas (data structures, operations with data, ways to control operations, computing models, etc.) from the living phenomena or biological systems such as evolution, cell, tissue, neural network, immune system and ant colony. The areas of bio-inspired computing include evolutionary computation, DNA and molecular computing, membrane computing, neural computing, artificial immune systems, swarm intelligence, etc. The 10th International Conference on Bio-inspired Computing: Theories and Applications (BIC-TA 2015) will be held on 25th—28th September, 2015, in Hefei, China. The conference aims to provide a high-level international forum for researchers working in the field of bio-inspired computing to present their recent results and to exchange ideas. The conference invites researchers to contribute high-quality original research papers in any aspect of bio-inspired computing.